Ngokuphazima kweso uzizwa unesiyezi, amehlo akho ayafiphala, uzizwa sengathi uyawa... Abantu abaningi bachaza lesi simo ngokuthi "umfutho wegazi wami wehlile" futhi baqinisile. Umuntu omdala oyedwa kwabane eTurkey uhlushwa umfutho wegazi ophansi esikhathini esithile sokuphila kwakhe. Pho kungani umfutho wegazi wehla? Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube uphawu lokuqala lwesifo esibi kakhulu. Kulesi sihloko, ngizochaza ngokuningiliziwe zonke izimbangela nezimpawu zokwehla komfutho wegazi, ubani osengozini enkulu, nokuthi yini ongayenza ekhaya.
Yini Umfutho Wegazi Ophansi (Hypotension) futhi Zingaki Izinhlobo Ezikhona?
Lapho umfutho wegazi wakho wehla ngaphansi kuka-90/60 mmHg, ngokwezokwelapha wamukelwa njengokuthi "hypotension", okungukuthi, umfutho wegazi ophansi. Kodwa izinombolo azisho konke; Nakuba ngisho no-85/55 engabangeli noma yiziphi izikhalazo kwabanye abantu, ngisho ne-100/65 ingabangela ukuquleka kwabanye. Okubalulekile ukuthi unesikhalazo noma cha.
Umfutho wegazi ophansi uhlukaniswe ngamaqembu amaningana:
- I-Orthostatic hypotension: Yehla ngokuzumayo lapho umile
- I-Postprandial hypotension: Ukwehla ngokushesha ngemva kokudla
- I-Neurological (nervous system-derived) hypotension: Uhlobo olubonwa nezifo ezifana ne-Parkinson nesifo sikashukela
- I-hypotension engazelelwe (enzima): Izimo eziphuthumayo njengokulahlekelwa igazi, ukutheleleka, ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile
- I-hypotension engapheli: Isimo esihlala siphansi iminyaka futhi ngokuvamile asibangeli izikhalazo
Kungani Umfutho Wegazi Wehla? 15 Izizathu Ezivamile
1. Ukoma kanye Nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni
50-55% wegazi emzimbeni wakho amanzi. Ngisho nokulahlekelwa kwamanzi okungama-2-3% nje kunciphisa umthamo wegazi futhi kwehlisa kakhulu umfutho wegazi lakho. Ukujuluka, isifo sohudo, ukuhlanza, nokuphuzwa ngokweqile kwekhofi-tiye yizimbangela ezivame kakhulu ehlobo.
2. Ukuma Ngokungazelelwe (I-Orthostatic Hypotension)
Uma igazi elinqwabelana emilenzeni ngenkathi ilele noma ihlezi lingakwazi ukubuyela ngokushesha enhliziyweni lapho usukuma, awenele igazi elingafika ebuchosheni. Isiyezi, ubumnyama ngisho nokuquleka kwenzeka phakathi nemizuzwana eyi-10-20. Kuvame kakhulu lapho uvuka ekuseni.
3. Umfutho Wegazi Wehla Ngokushesha Ngemva Kokudla
Ngemuva kwesidlo esikhulu, esicebile nge-carbohydrate, igazi eliningi liqondiswa ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla. Nakuba inhliziyo izama ukunxephezela lokhu, kunokuncipha okuphawulekayo emizuzwini engu-30-60 ngemva kokudla, ikakhulukazi kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65 ubudala kanye nabanesifo sikashukela.
4. Umoya oshisayo, iShowa eshisayo nesauna
Ukushisa kunweba imithambo futhi kubangele ukuthi igazi liqoqeke esikhumbeni. Ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni nasezithweni zangaphakathi kuncipha. Yingakho ukuquleka okuningi kwenzeka ngemva kokugeza, i-sauna, noma ishawa ende eshisayo.
5. Ukweqisa izidakamizwa noma imiphumela emibi yomuthi womfutho wegazi
U-20% weziguli ezelashelwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme uba nomfutho wegazi ophansi ngenxa yokusebenzisa imithi ngokweqile. Ikakhulukazi ama-ACE inhibitors, ama-beta blocker, ama-diuretics nama-alpha blockers angabangela lokhu.
6. Izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo
Uma inhliziyo ingashayi ngamandla ngokwanele noma ishaya kancane kakhulu/ngokungajwayelekile, igazi alikwazi ukumpontshwa ngokwanele. Kuvamile kubantu abane-bradycardia (ishayela elingaphansi kuka-50).
7. Isifo sikashukela (Diabetes) kanye ne-Autonomic Neuropathy
Isifo sikashukela sesikhathi eside nesingalawuleki sibhubhisa imizwa. Ama-reflexes alawula umfutho wegazi awasebenzi kahle. Lezi ziguli zingase zehle ngo-20-30 mmHg wegazi lapho zisukuma.
8. I-B12, i-Folic Acid kanye ne-Iron Deficiency Anemia
Uma kune-anemia, i-oxygen eyanele ingafinyelela ezicutshini ngenxa yokuthi umthwali we-hemoglobin uyancipha. Ubuchopho buzama ukunxephezela lokhu “ngokwehlisa umfutho wegazi”. Kuvame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane, kanye nokopha kokuya esikhathini.
9. Isikhathi Sokukhulelwa
Ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa, ihomoni ye-progesterone iphumuza imithambo, futhi isibeletho esikhulayo sibeka ingcindezi emthanjeni omkhulu (vena cava). Yingakho u-10-15% wabesifazane abakhulelwe benomfutho wegazi ophansi. Kuba kubi kakhulu uma ulala ngomhlane.
10. Ukulahleka Kwegazi
Ukopha kokuya esikhathini, ukopha kwe-hemorrhoid, isilonda esiswini, ukopha ngaphakathi nangaphandle ngemva kwengozi... Uma ulahlekelwa igazi eliningi, umfutho wegazi uyancipha. Ukulahlekelwa igazi ngokushesha elingaphezu kuka-500 ml kungase kubangele ukushaqeka.
11. Ukutheleleka kanye ne-Sepsis
Ukusabela komzimba ezifweni ezinzima kunweba kakhulu imithambo. Njengasesimo sezulu esishisayo, igazi liqoqana esikhumbeni bese umfutho wegazi wehla ngokuzumayo. Lesi simo siyingozi empilweni.
12. Ukusabela Okubi Kakhulu (I-Anaphylaxis)
Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu okuba khona ngemva kokulunywa yizinyosi, ukungezwani ne-penicillin, nokudla okufana namakinati kubangela ukukhishwa kwe-histamine, enweba imikhumbi. Ngemizuzu embalwa, umfutho wegazi ungase wehle ufike ku-60/30.
13. Izifo Zezinzwa Ezifana Ne-Parkinson kanye Ne-Multiple Sclerosis
Ukulimala kwengqondo nomgogodla kuphazamisa isimiso sezinzwa esizimele, esilawula umfutho wegazi. Lezi ziguli ziba nokuguquguquka okuvamile phakathi nosuku.
14. Utshwala Nezinye Izidakamizwa Ezithulisa
Utshwala bunweba imikhumbi futhi budale ukoma ngomphumela wako wokukhipha isisu. Amaphilisi okulala, okuphumuza imisipha, namanye amaphilisi okucindezeleka kungase kube nomthelela ofanayo.
15. Ukuhlala Isikhathi Eside Embhedeni
Ezigulini ezilaliswe esibhedlela isikhathi esingaphezu kweviki elingu-1, imisipha yemilenze iba buthakathaka futhi ithoni yemithambo iyancipha. Umfutho wegazi wehla kakhulu lapho uqala ukusukuma. Lesi simo sibizwa nge-“deconfusion hypotension”.
Ziyini Izimpawu Zomfutho Wegazi Ophansi?
Umfutho wegazi ophansi uzibonakalisa ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- Isiyezi nokuzizwa unekhanda elilula
- Ukubona okumnyama noma okufiphele
- Ukuquleka noma ukuquleka (presyncope)
- Ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala, ukungakwazi ukuvuka embhedeni ekuseni
- Ukujuluka okubandayo, ukubanda ezandleni nasezinyaweni
- Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, ukungabibikho komqondo
- Ubuhlungu noma umuzwa wokusinda kwentamo nasemahlombe
- Ukuhhumuzela ezindlebeni
- Kwesinye isikhathi ikhanda elibuhlungu ngemuva kwentamo
Ubani osengozini enkulu?
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala (ngenxa ye-arteriosclerosis kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithi)
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe (ikakhulukazi ku-2nd trimester)
- Iziguli zesifo sikashukela nenhliziyo
- Labo abasebenzisa imithi yomfutho wegazi
- Labo abanezifo ezifana ne-Parkinson, MS, diabetesic neuropathy
- Abesifazane abasebasha abaphethwe i-anemia
- Labo abahlala bengasebenzi isikhathi eside (uhambo olude lwendiza, ukuphumula kombhede)
Yini Ongayenza Ekhaya Ukuze Unyuse Umfutho Wegazi Ngokushesha?
- Vuka kancane: Ngaphambi kokulala, hlala imizuzu engu-1-2, vumela izinyawo zakho zilenge phansi, bese uvuka.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Ukuphuza amalitha angu-2.5-3 amanzi nsuku zonke kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu.
- I-ayran enosawoti: Ukungeza ithisipuni likasawoti engilazini engu-1 ye-ayran ebandayo futhi ukuyiphuza kancane kunikeza ukuthuthuka okubalulekile emizuzwini eyi-10-15 (ngaphandle kwalapho unenhliziyo ehlulekayo).
- Qinisa imisipha yomlenze wakho: Ukuphambanisa imilenze yakho bese uyicindezela ngenkathi uhlezi futhi ume ngezinzwane izikhathi ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokusukuma kuzosiza igazi libuyele phezulu.
- Sebenzisa amasokisi okucindezela: Amasokisi aqinile, afana namasokisi okucindezela, avimbela igazi ukuthi lingahlangani emilenzeni.
- Yidla ukudla okuncane nokuvamile: ukudla okuncane okungu-5-6 esikhundleni sokudla okukhulu kunciphisa ukushintshashintsha komfutho wegazi.
- Phuza i-caffeine: 1 inkomishi yekhofi yase-Turkish noma itiye elinamandla inikeza ukuphakama kwesikhashana.
- Ukudla okulula okunama-carbohydrates: Ushukela omuncwa ngokushesha njenge-molasses-tahini, isinkwa se-jam, ubhanana uwusizo.
- Uma ulele ngomhlane, vula ngohlangothi (ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe).
- Hlamba eshaweni efudumele esikhundleni samakhaza.
Kufanele Uye Nini Kudokotela?
Xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha ezimeni ezilandelayo:
- Uma uquleka njalo
- Uma ubuhlungu besifuba buhambisana nokuphelelwa umoya
- Uma kukhona ubuthakathaka kanye nesiyezi esithatha izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-3
- Uma izikhalazo ziqale ngemuva kokuqala umuthi omusha
- Uma ubona igazi emchameni noma esithweni sakho
- Uma kunezimpawu zokutheleleka njengomkhuhlane nokugodola
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Kungani umfutho wegazi wehla kungazelelwe?
Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ukusukuma kungazelelwe, ukoma, umthamo wezidakamizwa oweqile noma ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo. Kwesinye isikhathi ukungezwani komzimba okubi kakhulu noma ukutheleleka kungawa phakathi nemizuzu.
Ingabe umfutho wegazi ophansi uyingozi?
Ngokuvamile akufaki ukuphila engozini, kodwa ukuquleka njalo kwandisa ingozi yokuwa nokuphuka. Kuyingozi kakhulu uma kukhona ukutheleleka okucashile, ukopha noma isifo senhliziyo.
Ingabe ubisi olunosawoti luyasiza ngempela uma umfutho wegazi wehla?
Yebo. Ukwengeza ithispuni engu-1 kasawoti engilazini engu-1 yebhotela elibandayo bese uliphuza kancane kunikeza ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo phakathi nemizuzu engu-10-15. Labo abanesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sezinso akufanele bakwenze ngaphandle kokubonana nodokotela.
Kungani umfutho wegazi wehla ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Ihomoni ye-progesterone iphumuza imithambo, isibeletho esikhulayo sibeka ingcindezi emthanjeni omkhulu. Kuvame kakhulu ku-2nd trimester. Ukulala ngohlangothi lwesobunxele nokuphuza amanzi amaningi kuyasiza.
Ingabe umfutho wegazi ophansi udala ubuhlungu bekhanda?
Yebo, njengoba lingekho igazi elanele eline-oxygen eligelezela ebuchosheni, lingabangela ubunzima, ukushaya entanyeni noma ubuhlungu obufana nokucindezela emathempelini. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi nokugcina ikhanda liphakeme kunciphisa ubuhlungu.
