I-Psychodynamic therapy iyindlela yokwelapha egxile ekuqondeni izinqubo ekuqulekeni komuntu futhi ihlose ukuxazulula izinkinga ezingokwengqondo zomuntu ngokusebenzisa amandla okuphulukisa alezi zinqubo.
I-Psychodynamic therapy yakha isisekelo sethiyori ye-psychoanalytic ka-Sigmund Freud. Ngokwale ndlela yokwelapha, imicabango engazi lutho, imizwa, izinkumbulo nezifiso umuntu angazazi ngokuqaphela, kuthinta ukuziphatha nezimo zomzwelo zomuntu. Ukubona nokuqonda lezi zinqubo zokuquleka nokuziletha ezingeni lokungazi lutho kunikeza ukukhanya ezinkingeni ezingokwengqondo zomuntu kanye nezingxabano zangaphakathi.
Ekwelapheni kwengqondo, umelaphi usebenzisa amasu afana nokuzihlanganisa mahhala, ukuhlaziya amaphupho, nokuqaphela ukuphikiswa ukuze aqonde ukuzizwisa komuntu okwedlule, ubudlelwano bobuntwana, nezinqubo zokuquleka. Kule nqubo, ubudlelwano bokwelapha obuphephile busungulwa phakathi komelaphi nomuntu ngamunye, futhi ukungqubuzana okuqulekile komuntu kwangaphakathi nobunzima bemizwa kuyasetshenzwa.
Kule nqubo yokwelapha, inhloso iwukuba umuntu azazi kangcono, akhulise ukuphila kahle ngokomzwelo, futhi akhe ubudlelwano obunempilo.
Ngokuqondiswa nokusekelwa ngumelaphi, umuntu angaqonda ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi, amukele imiphumela yesipiliyoni esidlule, futhi akhe indlela yokuzakhela enempilo.
I-Psychodynamic Therapy kusukela ku-Freud kuze kube manje: Umlando Nokuthuthukiswa
Freud umuntu obeka izisekelo zokwelashwa kwengqondo futhi wenza umthelela obalulekile kulo mkhakha. I-Psychodynamic therapy iqale ngethiyori ye-psychoanalytic ka-Sigmund Freud futhi ithuthuke ngokuqhubekayo kuze kube namuhla.
Ngokusho kwe-psychoanalytic theory, ukuziphatha komuntu nezinkinga zengqondo zivela ezinkambisweni zokungazi lutho. UFreud waphikisa ngokuthi imicabango, imizwa, izinkumbulo kanye nezifiso ekuqulekeni komuntu kunomthelela ekuziphatheni komuntu nezimo zomzwelo.
Ngalawa masu, umelaphi uzama ukuqonda izinto umuntu adlule kuzo, ubudlelwano bezingane kanye nezinqubo zokuquleka. Phakathi nenqubo yokwelapha kwengqondo, kwakhiwa ubudlelwano obuphephile phakathi komelaphi nomuntu futhi umuntu uyakhuthazwa ukuthi ahlole umhlaba wakhe wangaphakathi.
T_42_T I-Psychodynamic therapy ihlose ukugxila ezinqubweni zokuquleka komuntu futhi isebenzise amandla okuphulukisa alezi zinqubo. Umelaphi usebenzisa amasu anhlobonhlobo ukuze aqonde ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi komuntu, imicabango equlekile, nobunzima bomzwelo.
Namuhla, ukwelashwa kwengqondo kuthuthukiswe ngokugqugquzelwa okuvela kumbono kanye nezimiso zikaFreud. Kunezindlela nezindlela ezihlukene ezigxile ebudlelwaneni phakathi komelaphi nomuntu ngamunye, okuhloswe ngazo ukuxazulula izingxabano zangaphakathi, nokwenza umuntu akwazi ukuqonda izinqubo zokuquleka. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zihlose ukusiza umuntu ukuthi aqonde imiphumela yamanje yesipiliyoni sakhe sangaphambilini, azakhele impilo enempilo, futhi azuze ikhwalithi engcono yempilo.
Kusukela ku-Freud kuze kube namuhla, ukwelashwa kwengqondo kuyindlela yokwelapha eguqukayo njalo. I-Psychodynamic therapy isiza umuntu ukuthi aqonde izimpande zezinkinga ezingokwengqondo futhi afake isandla enqubweni yokwelapha ngokwenza umuntu akwazi ukuhlola ingaphakathi lakhe.
Izimiso Eziyisisekelo Zokwelashwa Kwengqondo: Ukuxazululwa Kwezingxabano Zangaphakathi
Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kuyindlela yokwelapha esetshenziselwa ukuqonda nokuxazulula ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi komuntu. Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokwelashwa kwengqondo yilezi:
Ukubaluleka kwezinqubo zokuquleka: Ekwelapheni kwengqondo, kugxilwa emicabangweni, imizwa, izinkumbulo kanye nezifiso lapho umuntu equlekile. Ukwazi lezi zinqubo zokuquleka kusiza ukuqonda umthelela wazo ekuziphatheni komuntu nezimo zomzwelo.
Ukutholwa kokungqubuzana kwangaphakathi: Ekwelapheni kwengqondo, kubalulekile ukuhlola ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi komuntu. Umsuka wokungqubuzana kwangaphakathi ungaqondwa ngokuhlola izinto adlule kuzo umuntu, ubudlelwano bobuntwana kanye nezinqubo zokuquleka.
Umelaphi wenza indawo evumela ukuthi umuntu azizwe ezethemba futhi aziveze. Ubudlelwano obuphephile bezokwelapha buhlinzeka ngesisekelo esifanele sokuba umuntu ahlole futhi abelane ngezingxabano zakhe zangaphakathi.
Ukuqwashisa ngokumelana: Ekwelapheni kwengqondo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuphikisa komuntu ngamunye futhi ukuqonde. Umuntu angase ahlangabezane nokumelana nokuxazulula izingxabano zangaphakathi phakathi nenqubo yokwelapha. Ukubona lokhu kumelana kusiza ukuyisa inqubo yokwelapha phambili.
Ukubaluleka kobudlelwane: Ekwelapheni kwengqondo, ubudlelwano bomuntu ngamunye kanye nokusebenzisana kuyahlolwa. Kugcizelelwa ebudlelwaneni bangaphambili bomuntu kanye nemiphumela yamanje yalobu budlelwano. Ukubona amaphethini ebudlelwaneni kusiza umuntu aqonde ukungqubuzana kwakhe kwangaphakathi.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okwelapha: Ekwelapheni kwengqondo, inqubo yokuqonda nokuxazulula ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi komuntu kusekelwa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okwelapha. Ukuqonda okwenzeka kumuntu esikhathini esidlule kwenzeka lapho imicabango equlekile nemizwelo ikhuphukela ezingeni lokuqaphela.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Psychodynamic kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo yokuqonda nokuxazulula ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi komuntu. Ngokuqondiswa nokusekelwa ngumelaphi, umuntu angaqonda imiphumela yesipiliyoni esidlule, axazulule ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi, futhi akhe indlela yokuzakha enempilo. Kule nqubo, kuhloswe ukuthi umuntu azazi kangcono, akhulise ukuphila kwakhe ngokomzwelo futhi akhe ubudlelwano obunempilo.
Ekusesheni Amaphupho: Ukuchazwa Kwephupho Ku-Psychodynamic Therapy
Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kuyindlela yokwelapha egcizelela incazelo nokubaluleka kwamaphupho. Ekwelapheni kwengqondo, ukuchazwa kwamaphupho kusetshenziselwa ukuqonda izinqubo zokuquleka zomuntu kanye nokuhlola izingxabano zangaphakathi. Amaphupho anemiyalezo evezwa umuntu oqulekile esebenzisa izimpawu nezithombe futhi angabonisa isimo sengqondo nesemizwa yomuntu ngamunye.
Ukuchazwa kwamaphupho ekwelapheni kwengqondo kwenziwa umelaphi ozama ukuqonda amaphupho omuntu ngamunye. Inhloso iwukucacisa ulimi olungokomfanekiso lwamaphupho futhi kwembule imicabango yomuntu equlekile, izifiso kanye nezimo zemizwa. Umelaphi ulalela ngokucophelela ukulandisa kwephupho lomuntu futhi aphenye incazelo yezimpawu nemifanekiso esephusheni.
Incazelo yephupho isekelwe ekucabangeni ukuthi izimpawu nezithombe ezisephusheni lomuntu zimelela imicabango nemizwa ekuqulekeni komuntu. Lezi zincazelo zenziwa ngokusekelwe encazelweni evamile yezimpawu ephusheni lomuntu ngamunye kanye nesipiliyoni somtholampilo somelaphi. Phakathi nenqubo yokuchaza amaphupho, umelaphi udlulisela izincazelo ezingase zibe khona zephupho kumuntu ngamunye futhi usize umuntu aqonde kangcono indawo yakhe yangaphakathi.
Ukuhumusha amaphupho kusetshenziswa njengethuluzi lokuhlola ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi komuntu nemicabango equlekile. Njengoba amaphupho ewukubonakaliswa kokuqulekile, incazelo yamaphupho ingasiza umuntu ukuthi azazi kangcono futhi afake isandla enqubweni yokwelapha yangaphakathi. Ukuhumusha amaphupho futhi kuhlose ukujula ezweni elingaphakathi lomuntu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, kwembule imizwa nezincazelo ezifihliwe, futhi kwenze umelaphi akwazi ukusebenza ngempumelelo nomuntu ngamunye.
Ukuhumusha amaphupho kuvumela umuntu ukuthi afinyelele lapho equlekile futhi athole umhlaba wakhe wangaphakathi. Kule nqubo, kuhloswe ngayo ukuthi umuntu aqonde incazelo yamaphupho akhe, axazulule izingxabano zakhe zangaphakathi futhi azakhele ukubukeka okunempilo.
Nakuba ukudluliswa kubhekisela ekuphenduleni kwemizwelo isiguli esikudlulisa ngokomzwelo kumelaphi futhi kuvela ebudlelwaneni obudlule, ukudluliswa okuphambene kubhekisela ekuphenduleni komzwelo komelaphi esigulini.
Le nqubo yenzeka lapho isiguli sidlulisela kumelaphi ukusabela kwemizwelo kubantu ababalulekile esikhathini esidlule, ikakhulukazi izibalo zabazali. Lokhu kudluliselwa kubonakala ebudlelwaneni besiguli nomelaphi futhi kuyahlaziywa phakathi nenqubo yokwelapha.
Lokhu kudluliselwa kungasiza isiguli siqonde imizwa yangaphambilini kanye nobudlelwano. Umelaphi ulalela ngokucophelela lokhu kusabela kwemizwelo futhi aqondise isiguli ukuthi siqonde izehlakalo zangaphambilini futhi axazulule izingxabano zangaphakathi.
I-Countertransference isho ukusabela kwemizwa komelaphi esigulini. Ukusabela okuphikisayo komelaphi kungase kwenzeke phakathi nenqubo yokwelapha lapho umelaphi ethintwa ukuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kwangaphambilini. Lokhu kusabela kwemizwa kwenzeka ebudlelwaneni bomelaphi nesiguli kanye nenqubo yokwelapha. Ukuqwashisa ngokuphikisa kusiza umelaphi ahlaziye ukusabela kwakhe ngokomzwelo futhi aqhubeke nokusebenza nesiguli.
Le nqubo ivumela isiguli ukuthi siqonde futhi sixazulule izingxabano zangaphakathi ngokusebenza ebuhlotsheni obudlule kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okungokomzwelo. Kuphinde kusize umelaphi ahlaziye ukusabela kwakhe kwemizwa futhi aqondise inqubo yokwelapha.
Kule nqubo, ikhono lomelaphi lokuqonda nokusekela isiguli likhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa futhi lisiza umuntu ukuthi akhe indlela yokuzakha enempilo.
Ukuhlola Ukungazi: Izinqubo Zangaphakathi Ku-Psychodynamic Therapy
Ekwelapheni kwengqondo, ukutholakala nokuqonda izinqubo zokuquleka kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuquleka kubhekisela endaweni equkethe imicabango, imizwa, izifiso kanye nokungqubuzana kwangaphakathi umuntu angazi ngakho. Lezi zinqubo zokuquleka zibhekwa njengesici esinamandla esithonya ukuziphatha komuntu kanye nokusabela kwemizwelo.
Lawa masu ahlanganisa izindlela ezifana nokuhlanganisa mahhala, ukuhlaziya amaphupho, ukuhlola ukuphikiswa, amanga kanye nokuchazwa kokudluliselwa.
Isu lokuhlotshaniswa okukhululekile livumela umuntu ukuthi aveze imicabango yakhe ngokuzenzakalelayo. Umuntu uhlanganyela lokho akucabangayo ngaphandle kokudinga isiqondiso esivela kumelaphi. Ngale ndlela, imicabango nemizwa engazi lutho ivezwa obala.
Ukuhlaziya amaphupho kugxile kokuthi umuntu ngamunye abelane ngamaphupho akhe nomelaphi futhi ahlaziye izincazelo ezingokomfanekiso zalawa maphupho. Njengoba amaphupho ebhekwa njengokubonakaliswa kokuquleka, ukuhlaziya amaphupho kusiza umuntu aqonde izwe lakhe langaphakathi kanye nezingxabano zangaphakathi lapho equlekile.
Ukuhlolwa kokumelana kusetshenziswa ukuze kuqondwe ukuphikiswa komuntu nezindlela zokuzivikela phakathi nenqubo yokwelapha. Lokhu kumelana kungase kubangele ukuthi umuntu agweme ukwamukela imicabango noma imizwa eyinselele lapho equlekile noma amelane nenqubo yokwelapha. Ukwazi nokuhlaziya ukumelana kusiza umuntu ukuthi abhekane nokungqubuzana kwakhe kwangaphakathi futhi aqhubekele phambili enqubweni yokwelapha.
Amanga asho izahlulelo eziyiphutha ezenziwa mayelana nemicabango nezinkolelo zomuntu. Ekwelapheni kwengqondo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela nokulungisa le mibono eyiphutha. Ukuvumelanisa imicabango nezinkolelo zomuntu neqiniso kunesandla ekuxazululeni izingxabano zangaphakathi.
Ngale ndlela, ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi nezinqubo zemizwa ekuqulekeni komuntu kuyabonakala.
Ekwelapheni kwengqondo, ukutholwa kokuqulekile kubalulekile ukuze kuqondwe umhlaba wangaphakathi womuntu kanye nokuxazulula izingxabano zangaphakathi. Umelaphi usebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene ukuze aqonde futhi embule izinqubo zokuquleka komuntu. Ngale ndlela, kuhloswe ngayo ukuthi umuntu athuthukise indlela yokuzakha enempilo futhi athole ukuzizwisa ngempilo engcono.
Okuzizwisa Ukuphulukisa Kwengane Nge-Psychodynamic Therapy
Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqondeni nasekwelapheni okuhlangenwe nakho kwasebuntwaneni. Ubuntwana yinkathi lapho izisekelo zokuthuthukiswa kobuntu kubekwa khona kanye nolwazi oluthinta imizwa nobudlelwano kwakheka. I-Psychodynamic therapy iyindlela esetshenziselwa ukuqonda umthelela wokuhlangenwe nakho kwasebuntwaneni empilweni yomuntu ngamunye kanye nokubhekana nemiphumela yako engemihle.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Psychodynamic kugxile ekwembuleni nasekuqondeni izinqubo zemizwa ekuqulekeni komuntu ngamunye.
Umelaphi uzama ukuqonda umhlaba wangaphakathi wengane ngokubhekisisa ukusabela kwemizwelo nemicabango yengane kuyilapho elalele okuhlangenwe nakho kwengane kwesikhathi esidlule. Kule nqubo, umelaphi uhlaziya ubudlelwano obudlule bengane kanye nezingxabano zangaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, izama ukuqonda izindlela zokubhekana nengane nesipiliyoni esibi, izindlela zokuzivikela kanye nokuqamba amanga.
Ngokunikeza indawo yokwelapha ephephile enganeni, umelaphi uqinisa ikhono lengane lokukhuluma ngokomzwelo futhi asize ekwelapheni amanxeba angokomzwelo adalwe izehlakalo ezingezinhle.
Ukuthuthukisa okuhlangenwe nakho kwasebuntwaneni kusiza ingane ukuthi iziqonde kangcono, ithuthukise amakhono okubhekana nobunzima obungokomzwelo, futhi ikhulise ikhono layo lokusungula ubudlelwano obunempilo. I-Psychodynamic therapy isekela ingane ekutholeni amandla ayo angaphakathi nasekuzuzeni ukukhula okunempilo ngokuqonda nokucubungula okwenzeka ebuntwaneni.
Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kuyindlela yokwelapha egxile ekuqondeni nasekulawuleni izindlela zokuzivikela. Izindlela zokuzivikela ziyizinqubo ezingokwengqondo ezenzeka ezingeni lokungazi lutho futhi zisetshenziswa umuntu ukuze anikeze isivikelo somzwelo. I-Psychodynamic therapy ihlose ukuqaphela, ukuqonda nokuveza izindlela zokuzivikela ngendlela enempilo.
T_210_T Lezi zindlela zingasiza ukukhulula ubuhlungu bomzwelo, ukugwema izingxabano, ukuvimba izinsongo, noma ukuphazamisa iqiniso. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zindlela zokuzivikela zingaholela ekucindezelekeni okuqhubekayo okungokomzwelo kanye nezinkinga ebudlelwaneni kunokubhekana nazo ngendlela enempilo.
I-Psychodynamic therapy igxile ekuqondeni nasekuboneni izindlela zokuzivikela zomuntu ngamunye. Umelaphi ubheka izindlela zokuzivikela zomuntu ngamunye phakathi nenqubo yokwelapha futhi unikeza ulwazi lomuntu ngamunye mayelana nomsebenzi nomthelela walezi zindlela. Ukuqonda izindlela zokuzivikela zomuntu ngamunye kwenza umuntu akwazi ukuthola amaphethini okucabanga nokuziphatha avimbela noma akhawulele ukubonakaliswa kwemizwelo ukuze kudambise ubuhlungu bomzwelo futhi kuzuzwe ukuzwana kwangaphakathi.
Umelaphi uqondisa umuntu ngamunye ekuthuthukiseni izindlela ezinempilo nezisebenza ngempumelelo esikhundleni sezindlela zokuzivikela. Ngokuqaphela izindlela zakhe zokuzivikela, umuntu ufunda ukuveza imizwelo yakhe ngokucacile nangokunembile. Ngakho, kuthuthukisa ukubonakaliswa kwemizwelo kanye namakhono okwakha ubudlelwano obunempilo kunokuvikela imizwa.
Le ndlela yokwelapha ibalulekile mayelana nokuqonda ingaphakathi lezwe lomuntu, ukuthola imiphumela yokuhlangenwe nakho kwesikhathi esidlule, nokwenza izinguquko ezidingekayo ukuze ube nokuphila kahle ngokomzwelo.
Ukuhlukumezeka kubangelwa ukulimala okukhulu ngokomzwelo noma ngokomzimba okutholwa umuntu futhi kungaba nemiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside. Ukwelashwa kwe-Psychodynamic kusiza ukuqonda izigameko ezibuhlungu zomuntu ngamunye futhi kwelaphe imiphumela yalokhu kuziphatha.
Kule nqubo, ithola ukusabela komuntu ngokomzwelo nokuziphatha okubangelwa izigameko ezibuhlungu. Umelaphi usondelana nobuhlungu bomuntu ngokomzwelo nobunzima ngozwela futhi amvumele ukuba akuveze endaweni ephephile.
Umelaphi uhlaziya izingxabano zangaphakathi kanye namanga adala ukuthi umuntu athuthukise imicabango nezinkolelo ezingezinhle ngaphansi kwethonya lokuhlukumezeka okudlule. Isiza umuntu ukuthi abhekane nemizwa ebuhlungu futhi epholise amanxeba angokomzwelo alokhu okwenzekayo.
Kusiza umuntu ukuba akhe amasu amasha okunciphisa imiphumela yezenzakalo ezibuhlungu nokudala ukuzinza okunempilo.
Ngokusungula ubudlelwano bokwelapha obuphephile, umelaphi kanye nomuntu balandela iminonjana yesikhathi esedlule futhi basekele ukukhululwa komuntu emiphumeleni yokuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu.
Le ndlela yokwelapha isiza umuntu ekwelapheni amanxeba angokomzwelo adalwe izehlakalo ezibuhlungu futhi azuze ukuzizwisa impilo enempilo.
Ikusasa Lokwelashwa Kwengqondo: Izindlela Zesimanje Nezindawo Zokusebenza
Ukwelapha kwengqondo kuyindlela yokwelapha ebilokhu ivela kusukela ku-Freud. Esikhathini esizayo, izindlela ezintsha kanye nezindawo zokufaka isicelo zingase zivele emkhakheni wokwelapha kwengqondo. Lezi zindlela zesimanje zihlose ukwenza inqubo yokwelapha isebenze kahle futhi ifinyeleleke.
T_262_T Ngokungeziwe ekwelashweni okungokwesiko kwe-psychodynamic, amamodeli okwelapha agxile kakhulu futhi agxile njengokwelashwa kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo kwesikhashana asethuthukisiwe. Lezi zindlela zingasiza abantu ukuthi bafinyelele izinjongo zabo ngokushesha ngezikhathi zokwelashwa ezimfushane.
Ukwelapha kwengqondo kungasetshenziswa hhayi kubantu ngabanye kuphela kodwa nakubabhangqwana kanye nemindeni. Ukugxila ezinhlelweni zomndeni kanye nokuguquguquka kobudlelwano kunwebise izindawo ezisetshenziswayo zokwelashwa kwengqondo. Inamandla okusiza abantu ngabanye baqonde futhi bathuthukise ubunzima ebudlelwaneni babo.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, ukwelashwa kwengqondo kuphinde kwajwayelana nezinkundla zedijithali. Izinketho zokwelapha eziku-inthanethi kanye ne-teletherapy zinikeza abantu ukufinyelela okulula ekwelashweni. Lokhu kukhuphule ukufinyeleleka kokwelashwa kwengqondo.
Esikhathini esizayo, ucwaningo olwengeziwe kanye nentuthuko emkhakheni wezokwelapha ngokwengqondo kulindeleke. Izifundo zesayensi zizosisiza ukuthi siqonde kangcono ukusebenza kahle nezindawo ezisetshenziswayo zokwelashwa kwengqondo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwelashwa kwengqondo kuzothuthuka njengoba abelaphi besebenzisa izindlela nezindlela ezintsha.
Ikusasa lokwelapha ngokwengqondo liyaqhubeka nokugxila enhlalakahleni yomuntu yemizwa kanye nezinqubo zoshintsho lwangaphakathi. Le ndlela yokwelapha izoqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile ekulandeleni imikhondo yesikhathi esedlule, igxile ezinqubweni zokuquleka, kanye nokuhlola umhlaba wangaphakathi womuntu.
I-Psychodynamic therapy ikusiza ukuthi uthole ukuqonda okujulile kwezinqubo zakho zengqondo yomuntu siqu futhi ikunikeza amasu asebenzayo okubhekana nobunzima bakho bemizwa. Kunkundla yethu ye-eHealth, sikwenza kube lula kuwe ukuthi ufinyelele lolu hlobo lokwelapha olunamandla. Ngokwenza isikhathi manje, ungaqala uhambo lokuzitholela ngokwakho nabelaphi bethu abanolwazi. Thatha izinyathelo zokuthola ingqondo enempilo futhi uthuthukise izinga lakho lempilo ngokwelashwa kwengqondo. Yenza i-aphoyintimenti yakho manje mayelana noshintsho olulinde wena kwa-eHealth!
