Kufanele kube yini ukushaya kwenhliziyo? Lo mbuzo uyisihloko esifika njalo ezingqondweni zethu ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, kodwa ngokuvamile asiphenyi ngokujulile ngokwanele. I-Pulse, eyaziwa nangokuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo, imele omunye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu futhi inikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile mayelana nesimo sethu sempilo jikelele. Ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala, inani le-pulse yokuphumula kulindeleke ukuthi libe phakathi kwamabhithi angu-60 no-100 ngomzuzu, kodwa lobu bubanzi bungase buhluke kuye ngezici ngazinye. Isibonelo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kungase kube phansi kumuntu ozivocavoca njalo, kuyilapho ukuphila okucindezelayo kungakhuphula ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, sizoxoxa ngombuzo wokuthi i-pulse kufanele ibe yini ngokuningiliziwe, futhi sichaze ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi i-pulse iyini, ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani, amanani avamile, izindlela zokulinganisa, izici ezithinta nezimo ezingavamile. Umgomo wethu uwukwazisa abafundi bethu nokubasiza balawule impilo yenhliziyo yabo ngokucophelela.
Njengenkundla ye-e-Health, T.R. Senza kube lula kuwe ukuthi ugade ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho ngezinsizakalo zethu zezempilo ezikude ezigunyazwe uMnyango Wezempilo. Eplatifomu yethu, ungathola ukuthi amanani akho okushaya kwenhliziyo ahunyushwe futhi uthole imiyalelo ye-e kanye nemibiko ye-e ngokuhlangana nevidiyo noma ubuso nobuso nodokotela abangochwepheshe kanye nabasebenzi bezempilo. Ikakhulukazi eTurkey, iqiniso lokuthi izifo zenhliziyo zihamba phambili phakathi kwezimbangela zokufa - ngokusho kwedatha ye-2025, ukufa okukodwa kwabathathu kuhlobene nesifo senhliziyo - kwandisa ukubaluleka kwemibuzo njengokuthi kufanele kube yizinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo. Ngokusho kwe-World Health Organization (WHO), izifo zenhliziyo ze-ischemic zinezinga lokufa elifinyelela ku-120.5 eTurkey. Lezi zibalo zibonisa ukuthi kungani ukuqapha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kungasindisa ukuphila. Ukwenyuka kwengcindezi nempilo yokunganyakazi ngesikhathi sangemva kobhubhane kuthinte kabi amanani okushaya kwenhliziyo nokwanda kokuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo ngama-20%. Lo mhlahlandlela uzophendula umbuzo wokuthi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kufanele libe yini futhi ugcwale amathiphu asebenzayo nezincazelo zesayensi. Isibonelo, lapho iklayenti lifaka isicelo kunkundla yethu ukuze lithole ukuthi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yalo kufanele libe yini, lathuthukisa impilo yalo yonke ngokulawula isigqi salo phakathi nomhlangano walo nochwepheshe bethu bezempilo.Manje, ake siqale ngokuqonda izinto eziyisisekelo zokushaya kwenhliziyo.
Iyini i-Pulse futhi Yenzeka Kanjani? Ulwazi Oluyisisekelo
Ukuze siphendule ngokugcwele umbuzo wokuthi kufanele kube yini ishayela, sidinga kuqala sihlole kabanzi ukuthi kuyini ukushaya kwenhliziyo nokuthi kwenzeka kanjani. I-Pulse ichazwa njengokuguquguquka kwesigqi okudalwa yigazi elimpontshelwa emithanjeni ngokushaya ngakunye kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kuguquguquka kubangelwa ukufinyela okuvamile nokukhululeka kwemisipha yenhliziyo futhi kuwukubonakaliswa kokugeleza kwegazi okuthwala umoya-mpilo nezakhi kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba. Ngokwesayensi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kukalwa ngesilinganiso senhliziyo (HR) futhi kulawulwa uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele. Uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele luqukethe amagatsha azwelayo (asheshisa) kanye ne-parasympathetic (decelerating); Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ujabulile, uhlelo lokuzwelana luyaqala ukusebenza futhi lukhulise ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.[T]_7_T]
Ake sibheke ukujula kokwakheka kwenhliziyo: Inhliziyo iyisitho esingangenqindi esakhiwe amagumbi amane - i-atrium yesokudla nesobunxele kanye ne-ventricle yesokudla nesobunxele. Uhlangothi lwesokudla lumpompa igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo liye emaphashini, futhi uhlangothi lwesobunxele lusabalalisa igazi elinomoya-mpilo kuwo wonke umzimba. Uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo luphakathi nendawo yokwakheka kwenhliziyo. I-sinus node (i-SA node) yaziwa ngokuthi i-pacemaker yemvelo yenhliziyo futhi ikhiqiza amathonya kagesi njalo ngomzuzwana. Le mibono idluliselwa kuma-ventricles nge-atrioventricular node (AV node), okwenza inhliziyo ifinyeze futhi iphampe igazi. Cishe amamililitha egazi angama-70 angena ekujikelezeni ngesibhamu ngasinye, okusho isilinganiso samalitha egazi ayi-100,000 ngonyaka. Uma kukhona ukungasebenzi kahle kulesi simiso, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kungase kube okungavamile futhi kungase kube nezinkinga zempilo.
Ngokombono womlando, ukulinganisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwasetshenziswa u-Hippocrates eGreece Yasendulo, kodwa imithi yesimanje yenza ukukala kokushaya kwenhliziyo kwanemba kakhulu nge-electrocardiography (ECG) ekhulwini le-19. Namuhla, amadivaysi afana nama-smartwatches ahlinzeka ngedatha yesikhathi sangempela kulabo abazibuza ukuthi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yabo kufanele libe yini, kodwa njengoba lawa kungewona amadivaysi ezokwelapha, ukutolika kochwepheshe kubalulekile. Kunkundla ye-e-Health, ungathola ukuhlaziywa komuntu siqu ngokwabelana ngale datha nochwepheshe bethu. Cabangela indima yokushaya kwenhliziyo emzimbeni: Igazi lijikeleza ochungechungeni lwemithambo ecishe ibe amakhilomitha angu-60 000 ubude, futhi ukushaya kwenhliziyo yikho okunquma isigqi salokhu kujikeleza. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuphezulu kubonisa ukuthi umzimba udinga umoya-mpilo owengeziwe, kuyilapho ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuphansi kungase kubonise ukusebenza kahle kwenhliziyo. Uma kubhekwa ukuthi abantu abadala abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-3.4 eTurkey baphila nezifo zenhliziyo ngo-2025, ukubaluleka kokuqapha ukushaya kwenhliziyo kukhuphuka nakakhulu. Ngalezi zisekelo, ungaqonda ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo komzimba wakho kusebenza njengekhondatha - ngayinye ishaya inothi elibalulekile.
Kufanele kube yini ukushaya kwenhliziyo? Amanani Ajwayelekile Nomehluko Ngokuya Ngamaqembu Eminyaka
Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yombuzo wokuthi kufanele kube yini izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ukuthi ayini amanani ajwayelekile nokuthi lawa manani ashintsha kanjani ngokuya ngobudala. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliphumule kubantu abadala kufanele libe phakathi kwamabhithi angu-60 no-100 ngomzuzu, nakuba ububanzi obufanele bungama-55 kuya ku-85 bpm. Lezi zindinganiso zisekelwe kuzinkombandlela ezivela ezikhungweni ezithenjwayo njenge-American Heart Association (AHA) kanye neMayo Clinic. Isibonelo, kubasubathi abasezingeni eliphezulu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kungase kwehle kube ngu-40-60 bpm ngenxa yokuthi imisipha yenhliziyo isebenza kahle kakhulu futhi iphampa igazi eliningi ngesigqi ngasinye.
Ake sinikeze imininingwane ngamavelu okushaya kwenhliziyo ngokwamaqembu eminyaka yobudala. Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa liphezulu kakhulu ngoba, ngenxa yokukhula ngokushesha kanye ne-metabolism, inhliziyo ishaya kaningi - ngokuvamile phakathi kwamabhithi ayi-100 kuya kwangu-160 ngomzuzu. Ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-1-10, leli nani liyancipha libe ngu-70 kuya ku-120 bpm; Isibonelo, u-80-120 bpm ujwayelekile enganeni eneminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala, u-75-115 bpm ulindeleke eminyakeni engu-5-6 ubudala, futhi u-70-110 bpm ulindeleke eminyakeni engu-7-9 ubudala. Ngesikhathi sokuthomba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kubantu abasha abaneminyaka engu-11-17 kusondela ezingeni labantu abadala futhi kuba ngu-60-100 bpm. Ukuguquguquka kungase kwenzeke ngalesi sikhathi ngenxa yezinguquko ze-hormonal. Kubantu abadala, indinganiso yalabo abaneminyaka engu-18-65 ngu-60-100 bpm, okumaphakathi kube ngu-72 bpm. Ibanga elifanayo lisebenza kubantu asebekhulile abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala, kodwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuphansi kungase kwenyuse ingozi yokuwa.
Akufanele sikhohlwe ukuhlukana kobulili: Kwabesifazane, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuvamise ukuba phezulu ngo-5-10% ngenxa yehomoni ye-estrogen, enesilinganiso esingu-78 bpm. Kwabesilisa, iphansi kancane ngenxa yomphumela we-testosterone. Kulabo ababuza ukuthi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kufanele libe yini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukwanda kwe-10-20 bpm ku-trimester yokuqala kuvamile, ngoba ukujikeleza kwe-placenta kuletha umthwalo owengeziwe. Amanani okushaya kwenhliziyo ayahluka ngenkathi wenza ezemidlalo: Ibalwa ngefomula yokushaya kwenhliziyo ephezulu (220 - ubudala); Isibonelo, kumuntu oneminyaka engu-40 ubudala, ubukhulu bungu-180 bpm, futhi ngokuzivocavoca okunamandla okumaphakathi, u-108-153 bpm kungaba kuhle.
Ucwaningo lwesayensi lubonisa ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuphansi (ngaphansi kuka-55 bpm) yehlisa ingcuphe yokufa ngo-15%. ETurkey, ngokwemibiko ye-Society of Cardiology, ukuphila kokunganyakazi kwandisa isilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo sibe ngu-82 bpm futhi lokhu kusithinta ngokuba nenani eliphakeme kakhulu le-CVD engaphambi kwesikhathi eYurophu. Ungalandela lawa manani ngezinhlelo eziqondene nawe ku-e-Health's Wellness kanye nezinsizakalo zokwelapha ngokomzimba. Isibonelo, ngenkathi elinye lamakhasimende ethu licwaninga ukuthi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yalo kufanele libe yini lapho eneminyaka engu-45 ubudala, labonisana nodokotela wethu wezokudla futhi walinciphisa lisuka ku-92 bpm laya ku-68 bpm - ngokuhamba njalo kanye nezinguquko zokudla okunomsoco. Lo mehluko ugcizelela ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyinkomba yomuntu ngamunye yempilo.
Izinto Okufanele Zicatshangwe kanye Nezindlela Lapho Kukalwa Izinga Lokushaya Kwegazi
Ukuze usebenzise umbuzo wokuthi ishayela kufanele libe yini ekusebenzeni, kubalulekile ukufunda amasu okulinganisa alungile. Ukulinganisa i-Pulse kungenziwa ngazo zombili izindlela ezenziwa ngesandla nezedijithali, kodwa kukhona amaphuzu okufanele acatshangelwe kukho kokubili. Okokuqala, thatha isilinganiso lapho uphumule - ngemva kokuhlala okungenani imizuzu emi-5, ngaphandle kwezikhuthazi ezifana nekhofi noma ugwayi. Ukulinganisa ngokushesha nje lapho uvuka ekuseni kunikeza inani elinembile kakhulu losuku, ngoba ukulala ebusuku kusetha kabusha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo.
Asiqale ngendlela yokulinganisa mathupha: Hlala endaweni ethulile, thola umthambo ophakathi nendawo esihlakaleni sakho – umthambo ongaphansi kwesithupha sakho. Cindezela kancane iminwe emibili (inkomba naphakathi), uzwe ukushaya kwenhliziyo bese ubala izigqi imizuzwana engama-60. Uma ujahile, bala imizuzwana eyi-15 bese uphindaphinda ngo-4, kodwa iminithi eligcwele linembe kakhulu. I-jugular vein (i-carotid artery) ingasetshenziswa futhi, kodwa qaphela ukuthi ungafaki ukucindezela okukhulu njengoba lokhu kungase kubambezele ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Amaphutha angenzeka: Izandla ezibandayo zehlisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo, kuyilapho ukucindezeleka noma ukunyakaza kukhulisa ngokushesha ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Thatha isilinganiso kabili ngosuku – ekuseni nakusihlwa – kanye nesilinganiso isonto lonke.
Izindlela zedijithali zisebenza kakhulu: Imishini ye-Pulse oximeter inamathiselwe kwisihloko somunwe futhi ibona ukugeleza kwegazi ngokukhanya kwe-LED, izinga lokunemba lingu-95%. Ama-Smartwatches (isb. i-Apple Watch noma i-Fitbit) ahlinzeka ngedatha yesikhathi sangempela, kodwa njengoba engewona amadivayisi wezokwelapha, funa ukuphawula kochwepheshe ezinkundleni ezigunyaziwe njenge-e-Health. Ngokomlando, i-pulse oximetry yathuthukiswa ngeminyaka yawo-1970s futhi ibalulekile ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kwasekhaya namuhla. Bala indawo eqondiwe yokulinganisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo phakathi nemidlalo: 50-85% wesilinganiso senhliziyo esiphezulu. Isibonelo, kufanele kube yini ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngenkathi isebenza? Kumuntu oneminyaka engu-30 ubudala, u-95-162 bpm angaba kuhle.
Ku-e-Health, yenza isikhathi ne-physiotherapist ngokwabelana ngedatha yakho ye-pulse - lungiselela ukufaneleka kwakho ngekholi yevidiyo. Ezimweni ezingabazekayo, kunconywa i-Holter monitor (i-ECG yamahora angama-24), ithola ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi ngokunemba okungu-98%. ETurkey, izinhlelo zokusebenza zezempilo zamaselula zandise ukuqapha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ngo-40% ngo-2025, kodwa ukuhlanganiswa kochwepheshe kuyadingeka. Ngalezi zindlela, ungathola eyakho impendulo embuzweni wokuthi kufanele kube yini ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, kodwa khumbula: Ukulinganisa kuyisinyathelo sokuqala kuphela sokuxilongwa.
Izinto Ezithinta Amanani Wokunyakaza kanye Namathiphu Wendlela Yokuphila
Izici zofuzo zidlala indima engu-30%, futhi izici zemvelo nezindlela zokuphila zidlala indima engu-70% kunani elifanele lokushaya kwenhliziyo. Ungafunda indlela yokuthuthukisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho ngokuhlola lezi zici ngokuningiliziwe. Ukuzivivinya umzimba kuyisici esikhulu kunazo zonke: imizuzu engu-150 yokuzivocavoca kwe-aerobic ngesonto kunciphisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngo-5-10 bpm ngoba imisipha yenhliziyo iba namandla. Isibonelo, kubantu abahamba njalo, isilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo siyehla siye cishe ku-70 bpm.
Ukudla okunomsoco nakho kubalulekile: Ukudla okunothe nge-potassium (ubhanana, isipinashi) kulinganisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ngoba ibhalansi ye-electrolyte igcina isigqi. I-caffeine notshwala kwenyusa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okwesikhashana - inkomishi yekhofi ingayinyusa ngo-10 bpm. Ukudla kwaseMedithera, okunamafutha omnqumo nenhlanzi, kwehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ngo-8%, ngokusho kwezifundo ze-Harvard. Ukucindezeleka nokulala: Ukukhathazeka okungapheli kwandisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngo-15 bpm, ngenxa yehomoni i-cortisol. Ukulala amahora angu-7-9 ngosuku kuletha ukushaya kwenhliziyo evamile. Ukubhema kubangela i-20 bpm spike ngogwayi ngamunye, futhi lapho uyeka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kubuyela kokujwayelekile phakathi nonyaka ongu-1.
Izidakamizwa nezifo: Izivimbeli ze-Beta zinciphisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ama-decongestants ayakusheshisa. Izinkinga zegilo noma i-anemia ingathinta izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo. Amathiphu endlela yokuphila: Zindla - imizuzu eyi-10 yehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ngo-4 bpm ngosuku. Ungakhohlwa nge-hydration, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kwandisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo. Hlela imenyu evumelana nezinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ne-e-Health dietitians; Sebenzisa isevisi yethu yokwelashwa komndeni ukuze ukhathazeke. Elinye lamakhasimende ethu lisuke ku-95 bpm laya ku-72 bpm ngokusebenza nomqeqeshi wezempilo endaweni yesikhulumi - ngokulawula ingcindezi nokuzivocavoca. Lezi zici zivumela ukwenziwa kube ngokwakho umbuzo wokuthi i-pulse kufanele ibe yini.
Izimo Zokushayeka Kwegazi Ezingavamile: Kufanele Ukhathazeke Nini?
Izimo ezeqa umkhawulo wesilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo kungase kube uphawu lwezinkinga zempilo ezimbi kakhulu. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuphezulu (i-tachycardia), ngaphezu kwe-100 bpm - kungase kubangelwe ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, i-anemia noma ukutheleleka. Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliphansi (i-bradycardia), elingaphansi kuka-60 bpm, libonisa i-hypothyroidism noma imiphumela emibi yemithi. I-arrhythmia iza nesigqi esingavamile futhi yandisa ingozi ye-atrial fibrillation (AFIB).
Izimpawu: Ubuhlungu besifuba, isiyezi, ukuphelelwa umoya – shayela ku-112 ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. I-ECG noma i-Holter isetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa. Ukuvimbela: Thola ukuhlolwa njalo. Thola i-e-prescription ngokubonisana nodokotela wenhliziyo okude kwa-e-Health. I-CVD eTurkey kulindeleke ukuthi iphindeke kabili ngo-2030, ngakho ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kubalulekile. Kwesinye sezimo zethu, iklayenti elathola ukwelashwa endaweni yesikhulumi ngokuxilongwa kwe-tachycardia lilawule isigqi salo.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
- Kufanele kube yini ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngenkathi uphumule? Ishayela eliphumule kufanele libe ngu-60-100 bpm kubantu abadala. Isilinganiso sasekuseni sinembe kakhulu; Hlela ukulandelela kwakho kwansuku zonke nochwepheshe bethu be-e-Health.
- Zibekele imigomo yomuntu siqu ngezinhlelo zethu zempilo.
- Yini ebangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuphezulu nokuthi kwehliswa kanjani? Kubangelwa ingcindezi, i-caffeine noma ukutheleleka. Yehlise ngokuphefumula okujulile kanye ne-hydration; Thola isixazululo sesikhathi eside ngokwelashwa komzimba endaweni yethu.
- Kufanele libe yini izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ezinganeni? 70-120 bpm phakathi kweminyaka yobudala engu-1-10. Sebenzisa i-e-Health ngezikhathi zethu zezempilo zezingane.
- Iyiphi idivayisi engcono kakhulu yokulinganisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo? Amawashi ahlakaniphile ayasebenza, kodwa ama-oximeter ezokwelapha anembile. Londoloza idatha yakho ngokuhlanganisa kwethu i-e-Pulse.
