Yintoni i-Vertigo kwaye zithini Iintlobo zayo?
Isiyezi yimeko engathandekiyo, ngokwezonyango ebizwa ngokuba yi “vertigo”, apho umntu evakalelwa kukuba yena okanye indawo ejikelezileyo iyajikeleza. Abantu abaninzi baye bathetha isivakalisi esithi "ndiziva ndinesiyezi" kanye kanye ebomini babo, kodwa ubukhali, ubude bexesha kunye neziphumo ezikhaphayo zesi sikhalazo zinokuba luphawu lwezifo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.
I-Vertigo yohlulwe yangamaqela amabini aphambili:
- I-vertigo yokwenyani (i-peripheral okanye embindini): Kukho inkohliso enobundlobongela yokuhamba, ngokungathi ilizwe okanye umntu ebejikeleza. Ikholisa ukuqala kwindlebe engaphakathi okanye kwibrainstem-cerebellum.
- Isiyezi esisiso: Sibandakanya isiyezi, ukuziva ungento yanto, uzive ngathi uyafa isiqaqa, umnyama. Ibangelwa ziinkqubo zenkqubo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, i-anemia, kunye neswekile ephantsi.
I-Vertigo ikwahlelwa njenge:
- I-Acute vertigo: Ukuqala ngesiquphe kunye neeyure ezihlala iintsuku (umz. i-vestibular neuritis)
- I-vertigo eqhubekayo: Iza nohlaselo oluhlala ixesha elide (BPPV, migraine)
- I-vertigo engapheliyo: eZingileyo kangangeentsuku ukuya kwiiveki (Meniere's, acoustic neuroma)
Lo mahluko ubaluleke kakhulu kuba unyango luxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kunobangela osisiseko.
Yintoni Ebangela Ukuba Nesiyezi? 20 Ezona zizathu ziqhelekileyo
1. I-Benign Positional Paroxysmal Vertigo (BPPV – Shifted Ear Crystals)
Ibandakanya i-35-40% yabo badibana nogqirha abanezikhalazo zesiyezi eTurkey nakwihlabathi, okuthetha ukuba ngoyena nobangela uxhaphakileyo. Iikristale zeCalcium carbonate (i-otoconia) kwimibhobho ye-semicircular yendlebe yangaphakathi iyachithwa kwaye idale ukujikeleza okunamandla kwiindawo ezithile zentloko (umzekelo, xa ujika ngasekhohlo nasekunene ebhedini, xa uphosa intloko ngasemva). Uhlaselo ludla ngokuthatha imizuzwana eyi-10 ukuya kwengama-60 kwaye lunokukhatshwa sisicaphucaphu nokuhlanza. Ixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini abangaphezulu kweminyaka yobudala engama-50. Unyango lulula kakhulu: Iikristale zitshintshwa yi-Epley okanye i-Semont maneuvers kwaye uninzi lwezigulane luchacha ngokupheleleyo kwiiseshoni ezi-1-2.
2. I-Vestibular Neuritis (Ukudumba kweNtava yeNdlebe yaNgaphakathi)
Ngesiqhelo, isiyezi esinesiquphe nesibi kakhulu siqala kwiiveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 emva kosulelo lwendlela yokuphefumula ephezulu. Isigulane asikwazi ukujika ebhedini, ukuhlanza kubi kakhulu kwaye akuhambi iintsuku ezingama-2-3. Iphucula ngokuthe ngcembe kwiiveki ezi-4-6. Kwenzeka xa iintsholongwane (ezifana ne-herpes simplex) zichaphazela i-vestibular nerve. I-Cortisone kunye ne-vestibular rehabilitation exercises zisetyenziswa kunyango.
3. Isifo sikaMeniere
Yenzeka ngenxa yokonyuka koxinzelelo lwe-endolymphatic fluid kwindlebe engaphakathi. Uhlaselo oluqhelekileyo lulolu hlobo lulandelayo: i-vertigo enzima ehlala kwimizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwiiyure ezili-12 + ukuziva ugcwele endlebeni + ilahleko yokuva okuphantsi + i-tinnitus. Isenokuziva iqhelekile ngokupheleleyo phakathi kohlaselo. Uthintelo lwetyuwa, i-betahistine kunye ne-diuretics lolona nyango luphambili.
4. Vestibular Migraine
Ibonwa kwi-30-50% yabasetyhini abane-migraine. Kunokubakho ukuhlaselwa kwesiyezi kuphela ngaphandle kwentloko. Uhlaselo luvela kwimizuzu emi-5 ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-72. Ibangelwa ukukhanya, isandi, izivumba kunye nokutya okunye (itshokolethi, ushizi, iwayini ebomvu). Amayeza okulwa migraine (propranolol, topiramate, amitriptyline) asebenza kakhulu.
5. I-Orthostatic Hypotension (Isiyezi Ekumeni Ngesiquphe)
Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lwehla ngaphezu kwe-20 mmHg xa usukuma ngequbuliso ulele okanye uhleli, igazi alikwazi ukuhamba lisiya ebuchotsheni kwaye kumnyama + nesiyezi. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala, abantu abasebenzisa amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nezigulane zikaParkinson. Ukusela amanzi amaninzi, ukunxiba iikawusi zokucinezela nokuvuka kancinci zizisombululo.
6. I-Anemia kunye neVithamin yokunqongophala
Kwi-iron, i-B12 okanye intswelo ye-folate, akukho oksijini yaneleyo inokuthuthelwa kwiithishu. Ihamba kunye nesiyezi rhoqo, ukudinwa ngokukhawuleza, ukulahleka kweenwele, kunye nezikhonkwane eziwileyo. Uxilongo lwenziwa ngovavanyo lwegazi kwaye izikhalazo ziyaphucuka xa ivithamin/mineral elahlekileyo itshintshwa.
7. I-Hypoglycemia (Iswekile ephantsi)
Kwabo basebenzisa amayeza esifo seswekile okanye balambileyo ixesha elide, xa iswekile yegazi ihla ngaphantsi kwe-60 mg/dL, ukubila, ukungcangcazela, ukubetha kwentliziyo kunye nesiyezi. Ukusela igaqa leswekile okanye ijusi yeziqhamo kuya kuyilungisa kwimizuzu embalwa.
8. Iziphumo ezisecaleni kwiChiza
Amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi (ingakumbi i-beta blockers, i-ACE inhibitors), amayeza okuxhuzula, amanye athomalalisa uxinzelelo, iipilisi zokulala kunye namachiza echemotherapy anokubangela isiyezi. Ukuba ithamo lechiza lincitshisiwe okanye litshintshiwe, isikhalazo siyaphela.
9. Cervicogenic Dizziness (Neck Origin)
Ukuqondisa intamo, isifo samathambo okanye i-hernia sinokucinezela imithambo-luvo kunye nemithambo kwaye iphazamise ukuhamba kwegazi kwi-cerebellum. Isiyezi esonyuka ngeentshukumo zentamo siqhelekile. Iphucuka kakhulu ngonyango lomzimba, imithambo yentamo kunye nokulungiswa kokuma.
10. Uhlaselo lokuphakuzela kunye nokuphazamiseka kwexhala
Ingqondo isebenza ngokugqithisileyo kwisixokelelwano esisigcina silungelelene ngamaxesha obungozi. Umntu uya kwigumbi longxamiseko ngoloyiko lokuba "ndinesifo sentliziyo", kodwa zonke iimvavanyo zibuya ziqhelekile. Inokulawulwa ngokupheleleyo ngemithambo yokuphefumla kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, namayeza.
11. Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (Unxano)
Ingakumbi kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni, umthamo wegazi uyehla kubantu abangaseli ngokwaneleyo kwaye ioksijini ifike engqondweni. Intloko, ubuthathaka kunye nesiyezi zenzeka. Ukusela iilitha ezi-2-2.5 zamanzi ngosuku kudla ngokwanelisayo.
12. Umazi
Lolona hlobo luqatha lwe-vestibular neuritis; Ilahleko yokuva yongezwa njengoko indlebe yangaphakathi ivutha ngokupheleleyo. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunye ne-cortisone ayafuneka.
13. I-Acoustic Neuroma
Lithumba lomthambo onobungozi, kodwa ukuxilongwa kunokulibaziseka kuba ikhula kancinane. Ibangela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe esecaleni, i-tinnitus kunye nokungalingani. Ifunyaniswa ine-MRI kwaye inyangwe nge-gamma knife okanye utyando.
14. I-Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Amajoni omzimba ahlasela imithambo yawo. Ukuqala ngokukhawuleza kwesiyezi kubantu abancinci kunokuba luphawu lokuqala lwe-MS. Uxilongo lwenziwa nge-MRI kunye novavanyo lwe-lumbar fluid.
15. Isiqu sobuchopho kunye neCerebellum Infarction (Stroke)
Yeyona meko ingxamisekileyo! Kubalulekile ukufowunela u-112 ukuba uye wanesiyezi esikhawulezileyo nesibi kakhulu + intetho engacacanga + ukubona kabini + ubuthathaka bengalo/umlenze.
16. Izifo zeNdlala
Ingakumbi i-hypothyroidism (i-thyroid ukonqena) icothisa imetabolism, iphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwaye ibangela ukuba nesiyezi esingaguqukiyo.
17. Iziphazamiso zesingqi sentliziyo
Ukuba intliziyo ayikwazi ukumpompa igazi elaneleyo, ingqondo ishiywa ingenayo ioksijini okwexeshana kwaye kuba nesiyezi.
18. Iingxaki zamehlo
I-Amblyopia, i-strabismus, okanye iiglasi ezisanda kufakwa ngomyalelo kagqirha ongachanekanga zingenza ukuziva ungalungelelani.
19. Barotrauma (Utshintsho loxinzelelo)
Umahluko woxinzelelo kumbhobho wendlebe emva kokunduluka nokuma kwinqwelomoya okanye ukuntywila unokuphazamisa inkqubo yolungelelwaniso kwindlebe engaphakathi.
20. Ukukhulelwa
Iqhelekile, ngakumbi kwiinyanga ezi-3 zokuqala, ngenxa yeehomoni kunye notshintsho loxinzelelo lwegazi. Idla ngokuba ayikho mandundu, kodwa ukuba ikhatshwa kukugabha kakhulu, kufuneka kulaliswe esibhedlele.
Ngowuphi uGqirha oMawumbone ngenxa yesiyezi?
Iingcali ezimbini zokuqala zokubonisana nezikhalazo zesiyezi yiNdlebe, impumlo kunye nomqala (ENT) kunye neNeurology. Ukuba uhlaselo lokugqibela lwemizuzwana kwaye lwenzeka ngokushukuma kwentloko, i-ENT iya kuyisombulula kakhulu (BPPV, Meniere's). Ukuba ihlala iiyure okanye iintsuku, kwaye kukho intloko ebuhlungu, ukuba ndindisholo, okanye ukungaboni kakuhle, kufuneka kubonwe ugqirha wemithambo-luvo. Ukuba kukho iingxaki zangaphakathi ezifana ne-anemia, isifo sikashukela okanye i-thyroid, i-Internal Medicine idlala; ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa kwesingqi sentliziyo, iCardiology iyangena.
Yintoni elungele isiyezi eKhaya? (Iindlela ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe phantsi kolawulo lukaGqirha)
- Ukuba i-BPPV iyakrokrelwa, ungenza i-Epley okanye i-BBQ ukuhambisa umqulu ekhaya emva kokuboniswa ngugqirha we-ENT.
- Ukusela iilitha ezi-2.5-3 zamanzi yonke imihla kunciphisa uninzi lwesiyezi.
- Izigulana zikaMeniere kufuneka zilinganisele ityuwa ibe yi-1.5-2 grams ngosuku.
- Umthambo weBrandt-Daroff unokwenziwa iiseti ezi-3 yonke imihla.
- Iti yejinja entsha okanye ijinja capsule yehlisa isicaphucaphu.
- Uxinzelelo sesinye sezona zinto zibangela ukuba umntu abe nesiyezi; umthambo wokuphefumla kunye nokucamngca kusebenza kakhulu.
- Kuphephe ukushukuma kwentloko ngesiquphe, phuma ebhedini kancinane.
- Ukulala ngemiqamelo emibini ebusuku kulinganisa uxinzelelo lwendlebe engaphakathi.
- Ukuba usemngciphekweni wokuwa, musa ukuthandabuza ukusebenzisa intonga okanye isihambi.
Ingaba Isiyezi Simandundu Nini? Iimpawu eziNgxamisekileyo
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi meko zilandelayo, qhagamshelana nenkonzo kaxakeka ekufutshane ngokukhawuleza:
- Ubuthathaka kunye nokuba ndindisholo engalweni okanye emlenzeni kunye nesiyezi esimandla
- Ukuphazamiseka kwentetho, ukungakwazi ukwakha amagama
- Ukubona kabini okanye ukuphulukana nombono
- Intloko ebuhlungu ebuhlungu (ngaphezu kokuba ukhe waziva)
- Ukubhideka okanye isiqaqa
- I-Vertigo ehlala ngaphezulu kweyure enye kwaye ayize ibengcono
Ezi mpawu zingaluphawu lweemeko ezibalulekileyo ezinjengokopha ebuchotsheni, ukufa uhlangothi okanye ithumba ebuchotsheni.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo
1. Yintoni ebangela isiyezi kwaye sinokukhululeka njani? Kukho ngaphezu kwe-100 oonobangela besiyezi, kodwa ezona zixhaphakileyo eTurkey ziikristale zendlebe (BPPV), i-migraine, usulelo lwendlebe yangaphakathi kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi. Unyango lujoliswe ngokupheleleyo ngokubhekiselele kunobangela: ukuba ikristale ihambile, kufuneka i-maneuvers, ukuba kukho i-migraine, unyango lwe-migraine luyafuneka, ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla, kufuneka amanzi amaninzi kunye netyuwa.
2. Ngaba isiyezi luphawu lomhlaza? Nangona kunqabile kakhulu, amathumba anobungozi anjenge-acoustic neuroma okanye amathumba ebuchotsheni anokubangela isiyezi. Ukuba ikhatshwa kukungeva kakuhle kunye ne-tinnitus, kufuneka kwenziwe iMRI.
3. Ngaba i-ear crystals (BPPV) isombulula ngokuzenzekelayo? Isombulula ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphakathi kwenyanga ye-1 kwi-20-30% yezigulane, kodwa ithuba lokuphindaphinda yi-50%. Ngobuchule be-Epley, uphuculo olusisigxina olungaphezu kwe-90% luphunyeziwe kwiiseshoni ezi-1-2.
4. Ngaba i-tinnitus ehamba nesiyezi yinto eqhelekileyo? Ewe, i-tinnitus ikhatshwa zizigulo ezininzi ezifana nesifo sika-Meniere, i-acoustic neuroma, ukudumba kwendlebe yangaphakathi kunye ne-migraine. Ukuba icala elinye, iphawuleka ngakumbi.
5. Ingaba isiyezi siyingozi ngexesha lokukhulelwa? Amaxesha amaninzi, hayi; Utshintsho lweHormonal kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluguquguqukayo luqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho ukugabha okumandla, isiqaqa okanye iintlungu zesisu, uvavanyo lokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic okanye i-preeclampsia luyafuneka.
Ukuba isiyezi sakho sithatha ixesha elide kuneentsuku ezi-2-3, siphinda siphindaphindeka, okanye sineflegi ebomvu engasentla, nceda uqhagamshelane neNdlebe, impumlo, umqala okanye ugqirha wemithambo-luvo ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kusindisa ubomi kwiimeko ezininzi kwaye kunokubuyisela umgangatho wobomi bakho kwisiqhelo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Phila kungekudala!
