Iyini i-Urticaria?

Ukuluma, ukuvuvuka nokubomvu okuvela ngokuzumayo esikhumbeni kungenye yezinkinga zesikhumba ezivame kakhulu emphakathini. Igama lezokwelapha lalesi simo, elidume ngele-urticaria, lithi urticaria. I-Urticaria, engabonakala kuwo wonke amaqembu eminyaka, kusukela ezinganeni kuye kubantu asebekhulile, ivamise ukuxazululeka ngokuzenzakalelayo ngesikhathi esifushane, kodwa kwabanye abantu ingase iphinde ivele ngemva kwamasonto, izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka.

I-Urticaria ukusabela okuba khona njengomphumela wokukhululwa kwe-histamine namakhemikhali afanayo kuma-mast cells esikhumbeni. Ngenxa yalokhu kusabela, ukulunywa, ububomvu namabhamuza kwenzeka esikhumbeni. Nakuba abantu abaningi behlobanisa i-urticaria nokungalungi, izifo, imithi, izisusa zomzimba, ukucindezeleka nezinye izifo ezingamahlalakhona nakho kungabangela lesi simo.

Nakuba i-urticaria ingeyona inkinga yezempilo engathi sína ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlasela okuphindaphindiwe okuphindaphindiwe noma izimo ezihambisana nezimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya nokuvuvukala kwezindebe kufanele kuhlolwe uchwepheshe wezempilo.

Kafushane

I-Urticaria (hives) yisifo sesikhumba esibonakala ngokuluma, ukuvuvuka nokuqubuka okubomvu okuvela kungazelelwe esikhumbeni. Ngokuvamile kuvela ngenxa yokukhululwa kwe-histamine futhi kungabangelwa izici eziningi ezahlukene ezifana nokungezwani komzimba, izifo, imithi, izisusa zomzimba noma ingcindezi. Ngokuxilonga nokwelashwa okufanele, izimpawu zingalawuleka ngempumelelo ezigulini eziningi.

Iyenzeka Kanjani I-Urticaria?

Isisekelo se-urticaria inqubo yebhayoloji edalwe amasosha omzimba namaseli e-mass esikhumbeni. Ama-mast cells ngokuvamile asiza ukuvikela umzimba ezifweni nasezintweni zangaphandle. Nokho, kwezinye izimo, iyashukunyiswa kakhulu futhi ikhiphe amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi i-histamine.

Ngenxa yokukhishwa kwe-histamine:

• Imikhumbi emincane esikhumbeni iyanwebeka.
• Ukungena kwemithambo kuyenyuka.
• Uketshezi luvuza ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
• Kuyenzeka umuzwa wokulunywa.
• Amaqhubu anjengama-Hives ayenzeka.

Ngakho-ke, ukuqubuka kwe-urticaerial kuvame ukuvela phakathi kwamaminithi ambalwa futhi kunyamalale ngokushesha nje. Ukuqubuka okunyamalala endaweni ethile kungase kuphinde kuvele kwenye indawo yomzimba ngemva kwesikhashana.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-urticaria?

Izimpawu ze-Urticaria zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Nakuba abanye abantu beluma kuphela okuncane, ezinye iziguli zingase zibe nokuqubuka okuthinta izindawo ezinkulu zesikhumba.

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Ukuluma okukhulu
• Ama-plaque aphakanyisiwe abomvu noma anombala wesikhumba
• Ukuqubuka okufana ne-Hives
• Amaqhuqhuva akhiphekayo
• Ubomvu obuphelayo lapho ucindezela
• Ukuzwa ukushisa noma ukuluma
• Ukuqubuka okungavela kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba

Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuqubuka kwe-urticaria ukuthi isilonda esisodwa ngokuvamile siyanyamalala ngaphandle kokushiya umkhondo phakathi kwamahora angu-24. Nokho, ukuqubuka okusha kungase kuqubuke ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba phakathi nalesi sikhathi.

Kwezinye iziguli, i-urticaria ingase futhi ihambisane nokuvuvukala kwezicubu ezijulile okuthiwa i-angioedema. Ukuvuvukala ezindebeni, amajwabu amehlo, ulimi, noma umphimbo kudinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha njengoba kungase kwenze ukuphefumula kube nzima.

Ziyini Izinhlobo Ze-Urticaria?

I-Urticaria ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu ngokobude bayo.

Acute Urticaria

Isimo lapho izimpawu zihlala ngaphansi kwamaviki angu-6 sibizwa ngokuthi i-acute urticaria. Iwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-urticaria futhi luvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezifo, imithi noma ukudla. Ezigulini eziningi, ukululama ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele.

I-Urticaria Engamahlalakhona

Izimpawu eziqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamaviki angu-6 zichazwa njenge-urticaria engapheli. Ukuhlasela kungase kuphindeke phakathi namaviki noma izinyanga. Isizathu esiqondile singase singanqunywa engxenyeni ebalulekile ye-urticaria engapheli. Kwezinye izimo, izifo ze-autoimmune, izifo ezingelapheki, noma izimbangela zomzimba zingadlala indima.

Uyini Umehluko Phakathi Kwe-Urticaria ne-Angioedema?

Ngenkathi i-urticaria ithinta izingqimba ezingaphezulu zesikhumba, i-angioedema ibonakala ngokuvuvukala okwenzeka ezicutshini ezijulile.

I-Angioedema ivame kakhulu:

• Ezindebeni
• Ezinkopheni
• Ngolimi
• Ezihlathini
• Ezandleni nasezinyaweni

iyabonakala.

I-angioedema ekhula endaweni yomphimbo ingase idinge ukungenelela okuphuthumayo njengoba ingenza ukuphefumula kube nzima.

Yini Ebangela I-Urticaria?

I-Urticaria isifo sesikhumba esingakhi ngenxa yesizathu esisodwa futhi izibangeli eziningi ezihlukene zingadlala indima. Nakuba imbangela ecacile ingabonakala kwabanye abantu, i-trigger eqondile ingase inganqunywa, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni ebalulekile ye-urticaria engapheli. Ngakho-ke, umlando wesiguli onemininingwane ubaluleke kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwe-urticaria.

Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

1. I-Allergy

Okunye ukudla, imithi noma ukulunywa yizinambuzane kungashukumisa amasosha omzimba futhi kubangele ukukhululwa kwe-histamine. Ikakhulukazi, izimo ezilandelayo zingase ziqalise i-urticaria eyingozi:

• I-Shellfish
• Amakinati namantongomane
• Iqanda
• Ubisi
• Amanye ama-antibiotic
• Amaphilisi ezinhlungu (ikakhulukazi iqembu le-NSAID)
• Izinyosi nezinambuzane

Kodwa-ke, akukona konke ukuhlasela kwe-urticaria okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile. Ngalesi sizathu, i-urticaria ye-allergic ayikwazi ukutholwa ngokubheka izimpawu kuphela.

2. Ukutheleleka

Enye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-urticaria ebukhali ezinganeni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Umkhuhlane, izifo zemigudu yokuphefumula ephezulu kanye nezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kungenza amasosha omzimba asebenze futhi kubangele i-urticaria yesikhashana.

Okunye ukutheleleka okungamahlalakhona kungase futhi kuhlotshaniswe nokuhlasela kwesikhathi eside kwe-urticaria. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuphenya izifo ezicashile ezigulini ezibonwa kudingekile.

3. Izibangeli Zomzimba

Kwabanye abantu, i-urticaria ingase ivele ngenxa yokushukunyiswa ngokomzimba kwemvelo.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Umoya oshisayo
• Isimo sezulu esibandayo
• Ukukhanya kwelanga
• Ingcindezi
• Ukuzivocavoca
• Ukujuluka
• Itimu yamanzi
• Ukudlidliza

ingenzeka.

Isibonelo, i-cholinergic urticaria eyenzeka esimweni sezulu esishisayo noma i-urticaria ebandayo eqala ngemva kokuthintana namanzi abandayo iyahlolwa eqenjini le-urticaria ebonakalayo.

4. Ingcindezi

Nakuba ukucindezeleka okukhulu, ukukhathazeka nomthwalo wemizwa kungabangeli ngokuqondile i-urticaria, kungaba nomthelela ekwandiseni izimpawu ezikhona.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukuhlasela kuvame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-urticaria engapheli, ngenxa yemiphumela yamahomoni okucindezeleka amasosha omzimba.

Ngakho-ke, hhayi imithi kuphela kodwa nokulawula ingcindezi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lokwelapha.

5. Izifo ze-Autoimmune

Kwezinye iziguli ezine-urticaria engapheli, amasosha omzimba angase akhe ukusabela ngokumelene namaseli awo.

Ingabonakala ikakhulukazi ngezifo ezilandelayo:

• I-Hashimoto thyroiditis
• Isifo se-Graves
• Isifo se-Celiac
• I-Rheumatoid arthritis
• I-Systemic lupus erythematosus

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ezimeni ze-urticaria ehlala isikhathi eside, udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe uma kudingekile.

Kubani Okuvamile Kakhulu?

Nakuba i-urticaria ibonakala kuwo wonke amaqembu eminyaka yobudala, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ibonakale kwabanye abantu.

Abantu abaseqenjini lobungozi yilaba:

• Abantu abanezifo ezingezwani nomzimba
• Abantu abanesifuba somoya
• Abantu abane-allergenic rhinitis
• Labo abane-atopic dermatitis
• Abesifazane
• Abantu abadala abasha
• Abantu abanezifo ze-autoimmune
• Abantu abaphila ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu
• Abantu abasebenzisa imithi ethile njalo

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi cishe u-20% wabantu abathile emphakathini bangase bahlaselwe okungenani okukodwa kwe-urticaria esikhathini esithile empilweni yabo.

Ingabe i-Urticaria Iyathathelwana?

Cha.

I-Urticaria ayisona isifo esithathelwanayo.

Adluliselwa kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye ngokuthintana, ukwabelana ngendawo efanayo noma kusetshenziswa izinto ezivamile.

Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma zebhaktheriya ezibangela i-urticaria zingathathelana. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isifo esidluliselwayo siwukutheleleka; Akuyona i-urticaria.

Ihlala Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Urticaria?

Ubude besikhathi besifo bungase buhluke kuye ngembangela eyimbangela.

• I-acute urticaria ivamise ukuxazulula emahoreni ambalwa kuya emavikini ambalwa.
• I-urticaria engapheli ithatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ayisithupha futhi ingase ivele izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka.

Isondo elilodwa le-urticaerial livamise ukunyamalala phakathi namahora angu-24. Nokho, lesi sifo singase sibonakale siqhubeka ngoba kungase kwakheke amaqubuka amasha.

Itholwa kanjani i-Urticaria?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-urticaria ngokuvamile kungenziwa umlando wesiguli nokuhlolwa kwesikhumba. Uma ukuqubuka kuqala, kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani, iziphi izimo okwenzeka kuzo kanye nezimpawu ezihambisana nakho kubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni.

Udokotela wakho angase abuze le mibuzo elandelayo ngesikhathi sokuhlola:

• Kuqale nini ukuqubuka?
• Kuhlala isikhathi esingakanani ukuqubuka ngakunye?
• Ingabe ususebenzise umuthi omusha kamuva nje?
• Ingabe izimpawu ziyakhula ngemva kokudla okuthile?
• Ingabe ukushisa, ukubanda, ukujima noma ingcindezi kubangela izimpawu?
• Ingabe unomlando womndeni we-urticaria noma isifo se-allergic?

Izimo eziningi ze-acute urticaria azidingi ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Nokho, uma izimpawu zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ayisithupha, zivela kaningi, noma kusolwa isifo esihlukile, udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma okunye ukuhlolwa akubona kudingekile.

Isaziso Esibalulekile: Ukuhlolwa okubanzi kokungezwani komzimba akudingekile kuso sonke isiguli se-urticaria. Ukuhlola kufanele kuhlelwe ngokusekelwe ekunqumeni komtholampilo.

Uyelapha kanjani i-Urticaria?

Inhloso enkulu yokwelashwa kwe-urticaria ukunciphisa ukulunywa, ukulawula ukuqubuka nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila. Uhlelo lokwelapha; Kunqunywa ngakunye ngokuya kwesikhathi, ubunzima bezimpawu kanye nembangela ewumsuka.

1. I-Identifying Triggers

Ukubona izici ezandisa izimpawu kungesinye sezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokwelapha.

Isibonelo;

• Eminye imithi
• Ukudla okuthile
• Izindawo ezishisayo noma ezibandayo
• Ukuzivocavoca okuqinile
• Utshwala
• Ingcindezi

Kungase kubangele ukuhlasela kwenzeke kaningi.

2. Ukwelashwa kwe-Antihistamine

Iqembu lokuqala lesidakamizwa elincanyelwayo ekwelapheni i-urticaria ama-antihistamine. Le mithi isiza ukulawula ukulunywa nokuqubuka ngokunciphisa umphumela we-histamine.

Izidakamizwa kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokuvumelana nezincomo zikadokotela.

3. Izinketho Zokwelashwa Ezithuthukisiwe

Kwezinye iziguli ezine-urticaria engapheli izimpawu zazo eziqhubekayo naphezu kokwelashwa okujwayelekile, izinketho zokwelashwa ezihlukile zingase zihlolwe i-allergies kanye ne-immunology noma uchwepheshe wesikhumba. Ikuphi ukwelashwa okufanele kunqunywa ngokuya ngesimo somtholampilo sesiguli.

Izinto Ongazicabangela Ekhaya

Iziphakamiso ezilandelayo zingase zibe usizo ukusekela ukwelashwa kwe-urticaria nokunciphisa ingcuphe yokuhlaselwa okusha:

• Nakekela ukugcina isikhumba sakho sipholile.
• Gwema izihlambi ezishisa kakhulu.
• Khetha ukotini nezingubo zokuphefumula.
• Gwema ukunwaya.
• Sebenzisa imikhiqizo yesikhumba enamakha noma ecikayo ngokuqapha.
• Zama ukulala njalo futhi ulawule ingcindezi.
• Ungasebenzisi imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
• Qaphela izimo eziqala izimpawu zakho futhi wabelane ngazo nodokotela wakho.

Kufanele Ubonane Nini Nodokotela?

Kunconywa ukuthi uxhumane nesikhungo sezempilo kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Uma ukuqubuka kuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwamaviki ayisithupha
• Uma ukuhlasela kwenzeka kaningi
• Uma ukulunywa kuthinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke
• Uma ukuvuvukala kuvela ezindebeni, olimini noma kumajwabu amehlo
• Uma uba nokuphelelwa umoya noma umuzwa wokuvuvukala emphinjeni
• Uma uzizwa unesiyezi noma uphelelwa amandla

Izimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya, ukuvuvuka komphimbo, noma ukwazi okushintshile kudinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ingabe i-urticaria ne-allergies yinto efanayo?

Cha. Ukungezwani komzimba kungase kube enye yezimbangela ze-urticaria, kodwa akuyona yonke i-urticaria eba khona ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile.

Ingabe i-urticaria iyathathelana?

Cha. I-Urticaria ayidluliswa isuka kumuntu iye komunye.

Ingabe i-urticaria iziphela yona?

Ingxenye ebalulekile ye-acute urticaria ingase ixazululwe phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa noma amaviki ambalwa. I-urticaria engapheli ingase ihlale isikhathi eside futhi idinge ukwelashwa.

Ingabe i-urticaria ingabangelwa ingcindezi?

Ukucindezeleka kungase kungabi imbangela eqondile kodwa kungase kube nomthelela ekwandeni kwezimpawu ezikhona.

Imuphi udokotela okufanele umbonise i-urticaria?

Ungathintana nodokotela wesikhumba noma uchwepheshe we-allergies kanye ne-immunology ukuze uthole ukuxilonga nokwelashwa kwe-urticaria.

Ingabe i-urticaria iyingozi?

Ezimweni eziningi alibucayi. Nokho, ukukhula kokuphefumula, ukuvuvuka komphimbo, noma i-angioedema ejwayelekile kudinga ukuhlolwa okuphuthumayo kwezokwelapha.

Umphumela

I-Urticaria (hives) isifo sesikhumba esivamile emphakathini futhi singathinta izinga lempilo. Nakuba kuvame ukuhlala isikhathi esifushane, kungase kube okungapheli kwabanye abantu. Akuwona wonke amacala e-urticaria abangelwa ukungezwani komzimba; Izinto eziningi ezinjengokungenwa yizifo, imithi, izisusa zomzimba kanye nengcindezi kungabangela lesi sithombe.

Ngokuxilongwa okufanele, ukwelashwa okufanele nokugwema izibangeli, izimpawu zingalawuleka kakhulu. Ezimeni zezikhalazo ezihlala isikhathi eside noma eziphindaphindayo, kubalulekile ukuthi kuhlolwe udokotela wesikhumba noma i-allergies kanye ne-immunoglobulins.

Usekelo Lochwepheshe oluvela ku-e-Health

Uma unezimpawu ze-urticaria futhi impilo yakho yansuku zonke ithintwa ukulunywa okuphindelelayo noma ukuhlaselwa yi-hive, ungafinyelela ngokuphephile umbono wochwepheshe ngokwenza aphoyintimenti ku-inthanethi Dermatology noma Allergies and Immunology_T_4 ngochwepheshe[T_4] I-e-Health.